Amarin Supported Peer Reviewed Articles EPA Research, Case Studies, Overviews

S.C.R. Sherratt, R.A. Juliano and R.P. Mason, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has optimal chain length and degree of unsaturation to inhibit oxidation of small dense LDL and membrane cholesterol domains as compared to related fatty acids in vitro, BBA - Biomembranes(2020)

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183254

Lakshmanan S, Shekar C, Kinninger A, Dahal S, Onuegbu A, Cai AN, Hamal S, Birudaraju D, Roy SK, Nelson JR, Budoff MJ, Bhatt DL. Comparison of mineral oil and non-mineral oil placebo on coronary plaque progression by coronary computed tomography angiography. Cardiovasc Res. 2020;116(3):479-82.

https://academic.oup.com/cardiovascres/article/116/3/479/5673386

Toth PP, Fazio S, Wong ND, Hull M, Nichols GA. Risk of cardiovascular events in patients with hypertriglyceridemia: a review of real-world evidence. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2020;22(3):279-89.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dom.13921

Sherratt SCR, Lero M, Mason RP. Are dietary fish oil supplements appropriate for dyslipidemia management? A review of the evidence. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2020;31(2):94-100.

https://journals.lww.com/co-lipidology/Abstract/publishahead/Are_dietary_fish_oil_supplements_appropriate_for.99331.aspx

Hilleman DE, Wiggins BS, Bottorff MB. Critical differences between dietary supplement and prescription omega-3 fatty acids: a narrative review. Adv Ther. 2020; epub ahead of print.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12325-019-01211-1

Toth PP, Philip S, Hull M, Granowitz C. Elevated triglycerides (≥150 mg/dL) and high triglycerides (200–499 mg/dL) are significant predictors of new heart failure diagnosis: A real-world analysis of high-risk statin-treated patients. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2019;15:533-538.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31824165

Toth PP, Fazio S, Wong ND, Hull M, Nichols GA. Risk of cardiovascular events in patients with hypertriglyceridemia: a review of real-world evidence. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019 Nov 19. doi: 10.1111/dom.13921. epub ahead of print.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dom.13921

Fan W, Philip S, Granowitz C, Toth PP, Wong ND. Residual Hypertriglyceridemia and Estimated Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk By Statin Use In U.S. Adults With Diabetes: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2014. Diabetes Care. 2019. [Epub ahead of print]

https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2019/09/27/dc19-0501

Nordestgaard BG. Triglycerides, Lesson from Genetics. EMJ Cardiol. 2019;7:57-59.

https://emj.emg-health.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2019/10/Icosapent-Ethyl-for-the-Prevention-of-Cardiovascular-Events.pdf

Bhatt DL. Does High-Dose Fish Oil Reduce Cardiovascular Events Via Triglycerides? EMJ Cardiol. 2019;7:59-60.

Gitt AK. Prevalence Of Hypertriglyceridaemia In Statin Treated Very High-Risk Patients Who Might Benefit From Treatment With Icosapent Ethyl For Secondary Prevention In Clinical Practice–Results Of DYSIS. EMJ Cardiol. 2019;7:61-62.

https://emj.emg-health.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2019/10/Icosapent-Ethyl-for-the-Prevention-of-Cardiovascular-Events.pdf

Fan W, Philip S, Toth PP, Granowitz C, Wong ND. Prevalence of United States adults with triglycerides ≥135 mg/dL: NHANES 2007-2014 . Cardiol J . 2019;26:604-606. /news-releases/news-release-details/prevalence-united-states-adults-triglycerides-135-mgdl-nhanes

Toth PP, Philip S, Hull M, Granowitz C. Association of elevated triglycerides with increased cardiovascular risk and direct costs in statin-treated patients. Mayo Clin Proc. 2019;94(9):1670-1680.
https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(19)30382-9/fulltext

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31405751

Toth PP, Philip S, Hull M, Granowitz C. Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of peripheral arterial revascularization in high-risk statin-treated patients: A large administrative retrospective analysis. Clin Cardiol. 2019;1–6.

https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.23241

Case BC, Bress A, Kolm P, Philip S, Herrick J, Granowitz C, Toth P, Fan W, Wong N, Hull M, Weintraub S. The Economic Burden of Hypertriglyceridemia Among US Adults With Diabetes or Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease on Statin Therapy. J Clin Lipidol. 2019; epub ahead of print.

https://www.lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(19)30236-3/pdf

Nelson JR, Raskin S. The eicosapentaenoic acid:arachidonic acid ratio and its clinical utility in cardiovascular disease. Postgraduate Med. 2019;131:268-277.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00325481.2019.1607414

Picard F, Bhatt DL, Ducrocq G, Elbez Y, Ferrari R, Ford I, Tardif JC, Tendera M, Fox KM, Steg PG. Generalizability of the REDUCE-IT trial in patients with stable coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:1362-1364.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30819552

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109719302736?via%3Dihub=

Fan W, Philip S, Granowitz C, Toth PP, Wong ND. Hypertriglyceridemia in statin-treated US adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Clin Lipidol. 2019;13:100-108.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30594443

https://www.lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(18)30472-0/pdf

Nichols GA, Philip S, Reynolds K, Granowitz CB, Fazio S. Increased residual cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes and high vs. normal triglycerides despite statin-controlled LDL cholesterol. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019;21:366-371.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30225881

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/dom.13537

Philip S, Fan W, Granowitz C, Toth P, Wong N. Prevalence of US adults with triglycerides ≥135 mg/dL: NHANES 2007-2014. J Clin Lipidol. 2019.

https://www.lipid.org/node/2430

Nichols GA, Philip S, Reynolds K, Granowitz CB, O’Keeffe-Rosetti M, Fazio S. Comparison of medical care utilization and costs among patients with statin-controlled LDL cholesterol with versus without hypertriglyceridemia. Am J Cardiol. 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.06.029.  https://www.ajconline.org/article/S0002-9149(18)31321-3/fulltext

https://www.ajconline.org/article/S0002-9149(18)31321-3/fulltext

Toth PP, Granowitz C, Hull M, Liassou D, Anderson A, Philip S. High triglycerides are associated with increased cardiovascular events, medical costs, and resource use: A real-world administrative claims analysis of statin-treated patients with high residual cardiovascular risk. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(15):e008740.

https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.118.008740

Nichols GA, Philip S, Reynolds K, Granowitz CB, Fazio S. Increased cardiovascular risk in hypertriglyceridemic patients with statin-controlled LDL cholesterol. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;8:3019-3027.

https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-00470">https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-00470

Mason RP, Dawoud H, Jacob RF, Sherratt SCR, Malinski T. Eicosapentaenoic acid improves endothelial function and nitric oxide bioavailability in a manner that is enhanced in combination with a statin. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;103:1231-7.
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332218309909

Sherratt SCR, Mason RP. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have distinct membrane locations and lipid interactions as determined by X-ray diffraction. Chem Phys Lipids. 2018;212:73-79.
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009308417303018

Sherratt SCR, Mason RP. Eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits oxidation of high density lipoprotein particles in a manner distinct from docosahexaenoic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Comm. 2018:496:335-338.
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X18300688

Nelson JR, True WS, Le V, Mason RP. Can pleiotropic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) impact residual cardiovascular risk? Postgrad Med. 2017;129:822-827.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00325481.2017.1385365

Gutstein AS, Copple T. Cardiovascular disease and omega-3s: Prescription products and fish oil dietary supplements are not the same. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2017;29:791-801.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2327-6924.12535/abstract

Copple T, Ciffone NA. Managing hypertriglyceridemia: What can we learn from cardiovascular outcomes trials? Nurse Practitioner. 2017;42(suppl 12):3-9.
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http://journals.lww.com/tnpj/toc/2017/12001

Nelson JR, True WS, Le V, Mason RP. Can pleiotropic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) impact residual cardiovascular risk? Postgrad Med. 2017;129:822-827.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00325481.2017.1385365

Borow KM, Mason RP, Vijayaraghavan K. Eicosapentaenoic acid as a potential therapeutic approach to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: a review. Cardiorenal Med. 2018;8:18-30.
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https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/479391

Nelson JR, Wani O, May HT, Budoff M. Potential benefits of eicosapentaenoic acid on atherosclerotic plaques. Vascul Pharmacol. 2017;91:1-9.
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1537189116303147

Brinton EA, Mason RP. Prescription omega-3 fatty acid products containing highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Lipids Health Dis. 2017;16:23.
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https://lipidworld.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12944-017-0415-8

Mason RP, Sherratt SCR. Omega-3 fatty acid fish oil dietary supplements contain saturated fats and oxidized lipids that may interfere with their intended biological benefits. Biochem Biophys Res Comm. 2017;483:425-429.
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X16321878

Handelsman Y, Shapiro MD. Triglycerides, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular outcome studies: focus on omega-3 fatty acids. Endocr Pract. 2017;23:100-112.

http://journals.aace.com/doi/pdf/10.4158/EP161445.RA

Mason RP, Jacob RF, Shrivastava S, Sherratt SC, Chattopadhyay A. Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces membrane fluidity, inhibits cholesterol domain formation, and normalizes bilayer width in atherosclerotic-like model membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016;1858:3131-3140.
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005273616303297

Crandell JR, Tartaglia C, Tartaglia J. Lipid effects of switching from prescription EPA+DHA (omega-3-acid ethyl esters) to prescription EPA only (icosapent ethyl) in dyslipidemic patients. Postgrad Med. 2016;128:859-864.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00325481.2016.1241129?needAccess=true

Crandell JR. Switching from EPA + DHA (omega-3-acid ethyl esters) to high-purity EPA (icosapent ethyl) in a statin-treated patient with persistent dyslipidemia and high cardiovascular risk: a case study. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2016;10:123-128.
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27478390

Philip S, Chowdhury S, Nelson JR, Benjamin Everett P, Hulme-Lowe CK, Schmier JK. A novel cost-effectiveness model of prescription eicosapentaenoic acid extrapolated to secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the United States. J Med Econ. 2016;19:1003-10010.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13696998.2016.1207652

Budoff M. Triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the causal pathway of cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 2016;118:138-145.
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http://www.ajconline.org/article/S0002-9149(16)30484-2/abstract

Reddy KJ, Chowdhury S. Improving lipids with prescription icosapent ethyl after previous use of fish oil dietary supplements. Future Cardiol. 2016;12:261-268.
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http://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/pdf/10.2217/fca-2015-0009

Fialkow J. Omega-3 fatty acid formulations in cardiovascular disease: dietary supplements are not substitutes for prescription products. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2016;16:229-239.
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http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40256-016-0170-7

Friedewald VE, Jones PH, Mason P, Roberts R, Weintraub H. The editor’s roundtable: current perspectives on triglycerides and atherosclerosis. Am J Cardiol. 2016;117:1697-1702.

http://www.ajconline.org/article/S0002-9149(16)30285-5/fulltext

Tajuddin N, Shaikh A, Hassan A. Prescription omega-3 fatty acid products: considerations for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2016;9:109-118.
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https://www.dovepress.com/prescription-omega-3-fatty-acid-products-considerations-for-patients-w-peer-reviewed-article-DMSO

Mason RP, Sherratt SCR, Jacob RF. Eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits oxidation of ApoB-containing lipoprotein particles of different size in vitro when administered alone or in combination with atorvastatin active metabolite compared with other triglyceride-lowering agents. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2016;68:33-40.
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http://journals.lww.com/cardiovascularpharm/Fulltext/2016/07000/Eicosapentaenoic_Acid_Inhibits_Oxidation_of.5.aspx

Castaldo RS. Switching statin-treated patients from fenofibrate to the prescription omega-3 therapy icosapent ethyl: a retrospective case series. Drugs Ther Perspect. 2016;32:162-9.
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http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40267-016-0288-3

Lyseng-Williamson K, McCormack PL, Kim ES. Icosapent ethyl in hypertriglyceridaemia: a guide to its use. Drugs Ther Perspect. 2016;32:91.

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40267-016-0278-5

Sperling LS, Nelson JR. History and future of omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32:301-11.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1185/03007995.2015.1120190?journalCode=icmo20

Hilleman D, Smer A. Prescription omega-3 fatty acid products and dietary supplements are not interchangeable. Manag Care. 2016;January:46-52B.

http://www.managedcaremag.com/sites/default/files/imported/1601/ManagedCare_201601.pdf

Ito MK. A comparative overview of prescription omega-3 fatty acid products. P&T. 2015;40:826-57. Free: http://www.formkit.com/journal/article/full/2015/12/826/comparative-overview-prescription-omega-3-fatty-acid-products

Kedia AW, Lynch E. Effects of switching from omega-3-acid ethyl esters to icosapent ethyl in a statin-treated patient with elevated triglycerides. Postgrad Med. 2015;127:869-73.

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00325481.2015.1100086

Borow KM, Nelson JR, Mason RP. Biologic plausibility, cellular effects, and molecular mechanisms of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis.2015;242:357-66.
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http://www.atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(15)30055-1/pdf

Hassan A, Tajuddin N, Shaikh A. Retrospective case series of patients with diabetes or prediabetes who were switched from omega-3-acid ethyl esters to icosapent ethyl. Cardiol Ther. 2015;4:83-93.
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http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40119-014-0032-9

Mason RP, Jacob RF. Eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits glucose-induced membrane cholesterol crystalline domain formation through a potent antioxidant mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015;1848:502-9.
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25449996

Weintraub HS. Overview of prescription omega-3 fatty acid products for hypertriglyceridemia. Postgrad Med. 2014;126:7-18.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25387209

Castaldo RS. A retrospective case series of the lipid effects of switching from omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters to icosapent ethyl in hyperlipidemic patients. Postgrad Med. 2014;126:268-73.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24977343

Jacobson TA. Perspectives on a new prescription omega-3 fatty acid, icosapent ethyl, for hypertriglyceridemia. Clin Lipidol. 2014;9:149-61.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2217/clp.14.10

Hilleman DE, Malesker MA. Potential benefits of icosapent ethyl on the lipid profile: case studies. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2014;8:13-15.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3914996/pdf/cmc-8-2014-013.pdf

Bradberry JC, Hilleman DE. Overview of omega-3 fatty acid therapies. P&T. 2013;38:681-91.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3875260/pdf/ptj3811681.pdf

Weintraub H. Update on marine omega-3 fatty acids: management of dyslipidemia and current omega-3 treatment options. Atherosclerosis. 2013;230:381-9.
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http://www.atherosclerosis-journal.com/article/S0021-9150(13)00446-2/pdf

Ballantyne CM, Braeckman RA, Soni PN. Icosapent ethyl for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2013;14:1409-16.

http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1517/14656566.2013.798645

Friedewald VE, Ballantyne CM, Bays HE, Jones PH. The editor's roundtable: hypertriglyceridemia. Am J Cardiol. 2013;112:1133-41.
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http://www.ajconline.org/article/S0002-9149(13)01612-3/fulltext

Jacobson TA. A new pure O-3 eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (AMR101) for the management of hypertriglyceridemia: the MARINE trial. Exp Rev Cardiovasc Drugs. 2012;10:687-95.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22894624

Jacobson TA, Glickstein SB, Rowe JD, Soni PN. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipids: a review. J Clin Lipidol. 2012;6:5-18.

http://www.lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874%2811%2900745-8/abstract